History

Every investiture since 1979

Each in the Congreso, with its votes against the line of the (176) in the first vote and of the in the second. One figure per vote, no commentary.

26
votes
14
investitures
10
in the first vote
15 legislaturesCoalition calculatorCoalitions according to the polls

First vote

The candidate proposed by the King needs an absolute majority: 176 votes in favour out of 350.

Second vote

48 hours later a simple majority is enough: more votes in favour than against. Abstentions do not count.

No investiture

If two months pass from the first vote without anyone winning confidence, the Cortes are dissolved and an election is called (Constitution, article 99).

  1. Pedro Sánchez · XV legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1November 16, 2023absolute majority: 176

    For
    179
    Against
    171
    Abstention
    0

    For

    • PSOE
    • Sumar
    • ERC
    • Junts
    • EH Bildu
    • PNV
    • BNG
    • CC

    Against

    • PP
    • Vox
    • UPN

    Abstention

    ·

  2. Alberto Núñez Feijóo · XV legislature

    Rejected

    Vote 1September 27, 2023absolute majority: 176

    For
    172
    Against
    178
    Abstention
    0

    For

    • PP
    • Vox
    • UPN
    • CC

    Against

    • PSOE
    • Sumar
    • ERC
    • Junts
    • EH Bildu
    • PNV
    • BNG

    Abstention

    ·

    Vote 2September 29, 2023simple majority

    For
    172
    Against
    177
    Abstention
    1

    For

    • PP
    • Vox
    • UPN
    • CC

    Against

    • PSOE
    • Sumar
    • ERC
    • Junts
    • EH Bildu
    • PNV
    • BNG

    Abstention

    ·

  3. Pedro Sánchez · XIV legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1January 5, 2020absolute majority: 176

    For
    166
    Against
    165
    Abstention
    18
    Absent
    1

    For

    • PSOE
    • UP
    • PNV
    • Más País
    • COMPROMIS
    • BNG
    • NC-bc
    • Existe

    Against

    • PP
    • Vox
    • Cs
    • Junts
    • CUP
    • NA+
    • PRC
    • CC
    • FORO

    Abstention

    • ERC
    • EH Bildu

    Vote 2January 7, 2020simple majority

    For
    167
    Against
    165
    Abstention
    18

    For

    • PSOE
    • UP
    • PNV
    • Más País
    • COMPROMIS
    • BNG
    • NC-bc
    • Existe

    Against

    • PP
    • Vox
    • Cs
    • Junts
    • CUP
    • NA+
    • PRC
    • CC
    • FORO

    Abstention

    • ERC
    • EH Bildu

  4. Pedro Sánchez · XIII legislature

    Rejected

    Vote 1July 23, 2019absolute majority: 176

    For
    124
    Against
    170
    Abstention
    52
    Absent
    4

    For

    • PSOE
    • PRC

    Against

    • PP
    • Cs
    • Vox
    • Junts
    • CC
    • NA+
    • FORO
    • CUP

    Abstention

    • UP
    • ERC
    • PNV
    • EH Bildu
    • COMPROMIS

    Vote 2July 25, 2019simple majority

    For
    124
    Against
    155
    Abstention
    67
    Absent
    4

    For

    • PSOE
    • PRC

    Against

    • PP
    • Cs
    • Vox
    • Junts
    • CC
    • NA+
    • FORO
    • CUP

    Abstention

    • UP
    • ERC
    • PNV
    • EH Bildu
    • COMPROMIS

  5. Mariano Rajoy · XII legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1October 27, 2016absolute majority: 176

    For
    170
    Against
    180
    Abstention
    0

    For

    • PP
    • Cs
    • CC
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Against

    • PSOE
    • UNIDOS PODEMOS
    • ERC
    • PDeCAT
    • PNV
    • COMPROMIS
    • EH Bildu
    • NC-bc

    Abstention

    ·

    Vote 2October 29, 2016simple majority

    For
    170
    Against
    111
    Abstention
    68
    Absent
    1

    For

    • PP
    • Cs
    • CC
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Against

    • UNIDOS PODEMOS
    • ERC
    • PDeCAT
    • PNV
    • COMPROMIS
    • EH Bildu
    • NC-bc
    • PSOE(15 deputies)

    Abstention

    • PSOE(68 deputies)

  6. Mariano Rajoy · XII legislature

    Rejected

    Vote 1August 31, 2016absolute majority: 176

    For
    170
    Against
    180
    Abstention
    0

    For

    • PP
    • Cs
    • CC
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Against

    • PSOE
    • UNIDOS PODEMOS
    • ERC
    • PDeCAT
    • PNV
    • COMPROMIS
    • EH Bildu
    • NC-bc

    Abstention

    ·

    Vote 2September 2, 2016simple majority

    For
    170
    Against
    180
    Abstention
    0

    For

    • PP
    • Cs
    • CC
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Against

    • PSOE
    • UNIDOS PODEMOS
    • ERC
    • PDeCAT
    • PNV
    • COMPROMIS
    • EH Bildu
    • NC-bc

    Abstention

    ·

  7. Pedro Sánchez · XI legislature

    Rejected

    Vote 1March 2, 2016absolute majority: 176

    For
    130
    Against
    219
    Abstention
    1

    For

    • PSOE
    • Cs
    • NC-bc

    Against

    • PP
    • Podemos
    • EN COMU PODEM
    • EN MAREA
    • COMPROMIS
    • ERC
    • DL
    • PNV
    • IU
    • EH Bildu
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Abstention

    • CC

    Vote 2March 4, 2016simple majority

    For
    131
    Against
    219
    Abstention
    0

    For

    • PSOE
    • Cs
    • NC-bc
    • CC

    Against

    • PP
    • Podemos
    • EN COMU PODEM
    • EN MAREA
    • COMPROMIS
    • ERC
    • DL
    • PNV
    • IU
    • EH Bildu
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Abstention

    ·

  8. Mariano Rajoy · X legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1December 20, 2011absolute majority: 176

    For
    187
    Against
    149
    Abstention
    14

    For

    • PP
    • UPN
    • FORO

    Against

    • PSOE
    • IU
    • ICV
    • ERC
    • BNG
    • COMPROMIS
    • GBai
    • UPYD
    • AMAIUR

    Abstention

    • CIU
    • PNV
    • CC

  9. José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero · IX legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1April 9, 2008absolute majority: 176

    For
    168
    Against
    158
    Abstention
    23
    Absent
    1

    For

    • PSOE

    Against

    • PP
    • ERC
    • CIU
    • PNV
    • IU ICV
    • BNG
    • CC
    • NA BAI
    • UPYD

    Abstention

    ·

    Vote 2April 11, 2008simple majority

    For
    169
    Against
    158
    Abstention
    23

    For

    • PSOE

    Against

    • PP
    • ERC

    Abstention

    • CIU
    • PNV
    • IU ICV
    • BNG
    • CC
    • NA BAI
    • UPYD

  10. José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero · VIII legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1April 16, 2004absolute majority: 176

    For
    183
    Against
    148
    Abstention
    19

    For

    • PSOE
    • ERC
    • IU ICV
    • CC
    • BNG
    • CHA

    Against

    • PP

    Abstention

    • CIU
    • PNV
    • EA
    • NA BAI

  11. José María Aznar · VII legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1April 26, 2000absolute majority: 176

    For
    202
    Against
    148
    Abstention
    0

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  12. José María Aznar · VI legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1May 4, 1996absolute majority: 176

    For
    181
    Against
    166
    Abstention
    1
    Absent
    2

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  13. Felipe González · V legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1July 9, 1993absolute majority: 176

    For
    181
    Against
    165
    Abstention
    1
    Absent
    3

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  14. Felipe González · IV legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1December 5, 1989absolute majority: 176

    For
    176
    Against
    155
    Abstention
    6
    Absent
    13

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  15. Felipe González · III legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1July 23, 1986absolute majority: 176

    For
    184
    Against
    144
    Abstention
    6
    Absent
    16

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  16. Felipe González · II legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1December 1, 1982absolute majority: 176

    For
    207
    Against
    115
    Abstention
    22
    Absent
    6

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  17. Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo · I legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1February 20, 1981absolute majority: 176

    For
    169
    Against
    158
    Abstention
    17
    Absent
    6

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

    Vote 2February 25, 1981simple majority

    For
    186
    Against
    158
    Abstention
    0
    Absent
    6

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

  18. Adolfo Suárez · I legislature

    Invested

    Vote 1March 30, 1979absolute majority: 176

    For
    183
    Against
    149
    Abstention
    8
    Absent
    10

    The breakdown by party is not available in the source for votes before 2004.

Source

Tallies of each vote taken from the Spanish Wikipedia article "Investidura (España)", checked against the constitutional rule. Each group's position from 2004 on comes from the Congreso's Diario de Sesiones as summarised in the Wikipedia articles on each government formation.

Wikipedia contributors, "Investidura (España)", Wikipedia en español, revision 171707629. CC BY-SA 4.0

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